Eventually, there will probably be a `crate` visibility specifier that
does the same thing as `pub(crate)`. This commit replaces `pub` with
`pub(crate)`, so when `crate` is available we can easily switch to it.
`env_var(key)` looks up the value of the environment variable with name `key`, aborting execution if it is not found.
`env_var_or_default(key, default)` looks up the value of the environment variable with name `key`, returning `default` if it is not found.
